PDS for SPACE SHIP..

GROUP MEMBERS:- Asparsh,Ankur,Manikant,Saurav,Arun Jaiswal,Shashi,Milad

IDENTIFICATIONS:-

TITLE:- SPACE SHIP

AUTHORITY:-JOHN REVIE

DESIGNATION:-Ex. Chairperson of NASA

LIFE SPAN:- 5-10 years

CONTENT LIST:-

1)main 3 parts:-the orbiter,rocket systems(two solid rocket boosters and 3 main engines) and an external fuel tank

2)Vertical stabilizer

3)Forward Bulkhead

4)MID Fuselage

5)Forward Fuselage and Crew Cabin

6)Payload baydoors

7)Body Flap

8)AFT Bulkhead

9)AFT Fuselage

CONVENTIONAL ALUMINIUM STRUCTURE

MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE:- 450 K(177 C OR 350 F)

PROTECTED BY REUSABLE SURFACE INSULATION

FOREWARD:-

the main requirement for the space ship so that space tourism is possible.other than the necessity of space ship is much more needed to explore the space,to set up the space staions,and to perform the various desired experiments which the scientist wants to perform in the space and other planets.

INTRODUCTION:-

This planned spaceship has many good qualities than the previous space shuttles made..

Some of the qualities are.... It can resist high temperature 500k

it includes the antimatter

and the most important is that it takes less fuel consumption...most of the space shuttles fail due to more and more fuel consumption...

but an advanced techonology is been made it can store upto 5,00,00,000 to 7,00,00,000 litres of fuel and the rate of consumption is also less.

Scope:-

it has a fuel engine which is much more efficient than the other previous space shuttles..it has an anti-sound system and a more powerful indicator..its maintanance cost is less as compared to othe space shuttels...

BODY OF PDS:-

1)Performance Required

its can resist upto high temperature...has an efficient fuel system..is capable of performing space tourism..is capable to resisting the external particles in the space like asteroids and all...

2)Manufactural requirement

High capable Fuel tank, and fuel engine, the conventional structureis of Aluminium and is protected by Reusable Surface Insulation,

Even the comfortable supplies and facilities are made for the crew members..and the astronuts..

Standered Disposal:-

Some of the companies like Utb 650,Windsor(one of the leading manufacturer and supplier od the space parts),SIC 3761.. has made a technology in which fuel is convered into water i.e it is used for drinking purpose..

Appendixs:-

1)Utb 650

2)Windsor

3)SIC 3761

Index:-

Cross reference with NASA

Cost:-

the approx cost for the space ship is $500 million

References:-

America,France,Russia,U.K., China

Link:-http://www.nasa.gov/exploration/home/antimatter_spaceship.html
Image Up:-A diagram of a rocket powered by a positron reactor. Positrons are directed from the storage unit to the attenuating matrix, where they interact with the material and release heat. Liquid hydrogen (H2) circulates through the attenuating matrix and picks up the heat. The hydrogen then flows to the nozzle exit (bell-shaped area in yellow and blue), where it expands into space, producing thrust.
the latest source for the most efficient power and the latest one is the anti matter space craft

Anti-Matter called Mirror image of normal matters for example...
normal electron has negative charge but anti electron has positive charge..
when they both combine releases flash...
The only problem left is Appratus and conditions prevailing..
Most self-respecting starships in science fiction use antimatter as fuel for a good reason – it’s the most potent fuel known. While tons of chemical fuel are needed to propel a human mission to Mars, just tens of milligrams of antimatter will do.
CREDIT:- Positronic Research LLC
Seeing all this we further look forward not upto Mars but upto Jupitor.Because the effeciency and rate of power output is increasing every day with betterment of our technologies..

MANIKANT KUMAR & SAURABH PRAKASH

Earth is currently only the planet in the Solar System with the Space TRAVELLERS living here, we have been looking to the outer world after the late 1950's. There were many hazardous attempts at Space travel,some disastrous and some even Fatal-yet there have been....Some human trimphs in the field of Space Travel,as well as failure can be seen following the earlier missions of MERCURY,and moon missions like that of apollo .

A permanent base on the moon is being planned and could be in regular use within the next few years .

SOME OF THE VIEWS OF OUR TEAM

BY ANKUR,ASPARSH,SHASHI..

updates in space world till now ..

What all has been done in the SPACE travel and what can be done?

DATED April 09-2007 -"A Rocket bearing the world's fifth Space tourist a US-Hungarian Charles Si move and 2 Russian docked at RSS at 1910 GMT

Few months ago" Virgins Space tour was ready for blast off"

Tickets $200,000 starting 2011

We are upto to here till now..

PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEMS OPERATING AT AIRPORTS

ISSUE: PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATION
for REFERENCE NO:PDS
INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEMS AT AIRPORTS

RELATED SPECIFICATIONS:
ISSUING AUTHORITY:
CONTENTS:
1.FOREWORD
2.INTRODUCTION
3.SCOPE
4.DEFINATIONS
5,PERFORMANCE
6.MANUFACTURE REQUIREMENTS
7.ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS
8.DISPOSAL
9.OPERATION REQUIREMENTS

FOREWORD:
Rest rooms and wash rooms are the locations at the airports and other public places were the criminals gets the oppurtunity to put their plans into action and this is were the security systems weakens as it is not possible to implement CCTV cameras as it would ruin the privacy of the people.As the terrorists activities and other crimes are increasing in airports there is a need to assure a full integrated security that would assure people of their safety.Therefore we shall develop a security system which would assure security check without exploiting the privacy of the people.

INTRODUCTION:
1)To develop a security system that could assure security check without exploiting
the privacy of the people.
2)It shall be cost efficient and easy to maintain and thereby ensuring full security.

SCOPE:
The main inclusive of the PDS is explosive detectors at the washrooms and restrooms and security check puts to ensure the security without ruining the privacy of the people.It would also include mass notification systems which alert the people or explosive detection and give direction to the proceedings of the passengers.Exclusions are details of CCTV cameras.Employee identification cards and Robotics.It is cost efficient,maintenance free and easy acessable and user friendly. As we shall focus on the detection of the explosives and guns passport airtickets transactions would be ignored.

DEFINATION: INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEMS:
It is the full service systems integrated specializing acess control life safety,fire alarms,CCTV and Mass notification systems.
EXPLOSIVE DETECTIVES:
Technology that would detect explosives and guns based on common elements present in them or using unique spectroscopic signatures obtained from the laser diffraction.

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS:
1.)FUNCTIONS:
A method of detecting an explosive mixture comprising the steps of scanning a potentially hazardous materials embedded with molecules used for identifying individual cells where in molecules generate one of the light and sonar signatures based on scanning;detecting one of the light and sound signature generated based on scanning identifying an amount of said potentially hazardous materials.
2.)RELIABILITY:
The product shall be totally reliable for period of two years without any occurence of failures.Thereafter if the product shows any defect in performance it would be a period of once in 6 months which could be easily sorted out by getting it repaired from the company personals itself.
3.)ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS:
It shall operate in the temperature range of -20 to 60 degree celcius.Sensitivity shall be below trace level.Pico-gram range.Detection modes shall be ion like charged fluctuation.Caliberation not required.
4.)ERGONOMICS:
The system shall be user friendly and can be installed and operated just by following the instructions given in the instruction guide.The function of the user is just to sense and display,interpret it and make a decision and perform a controlling action. The product shall be operating under all conditions.
5.)QUALITY:
All ISI marked components shall be used in manufacturing of products.Therefore we shall assure good quality of the product that would give good quality service.
6.)WEIGHT:
The system shall be small and basic therefore it shall be about 1 kg so that it can be easily adopted at requires place.
7.)NOISE:
The system shall not create any noise when in functioning state as to make sure its presence is not felt.
8.)APPEARENCE:
Since it is explosive and narcotics detecting device its appearence should be simple and basic.It shall appear with all its components under the title manufacturing requirements arranged in order.It shall appear small and compact which not shall be highly noticeable.

2)MANUFACTURING REQUIREMENTS:
1.)PROCESSES:
A computer program product embedded in the computer readable,medium for detecting an explosive mixture comprising the programing steps of identifying an amount of potentially hazardous material based on detecting one of the light and sonar signature generated based on scanning.
2.)ASSEMBLY:
The scanner shall be combined with a reader which will read the results scanned by the scanner.This shall be coupled with the computer which shall process the required informations.The computer shall consists of memory units for storing the computer program for detecting an explosive mixture.
3.)PACKING AND SHIPMENT:
The system shall be packed with thermocoal cut into required shape so that the product shall be in stable position uneffect by any sort of jerks while transporting which inturn shall be packed in cardboard which inturn shall be packed together in a wooden box for safe transportation of system.It should be sealed.
4.)QUANTITY:
Per month a quantity 80 systems shall be produced keeping in mind the manufacturing
techniques ans supply of materials.
5.)DELIVERY DATE:
The machine shall be setup in for stage process.All the raw materials and the components requirements for the manufacturing f the system shall be obtained in the 1st week of every month.The assembly of the components shall be done in the 2nd week of the month.Final finishing and testing of the product shall be done in the 3rd week of the month packing and sealing and transporting of the material shall be done in 4th week.

3)ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS;
1.)INSPECTION:
All the products shall be inspected for ISI mark and all standard procedures by the national government shall be followed and the packing shall be kept in mind the safety of the product again following the parcies of the national government.
2.)TESTING:
The scanner shall be tested to scan a potentially hazardous materials embedded with molecules used for identifying individual cells,wherein the molecules generate the light and sonar signature based in scanner.

4)DISPOSAL:
1.)STANDARD:
Only 15% of the product that can be recycled rest of the wastage obtained can be disposed by burning following certain standards as mentioned by the national governments
2.)HAZARDOUS:
The hazardous materials are recognized and would be disposed in a way that would not have any illeffects on the environment

5)OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS:
1.)INSTALLATION:
Since it is a product which has to be installed on a large bases.The installation shall be a simple processes which can be done just by reading the instruction manual in any basic electrician and a companies with there respect skills shall be able to install the product.The setup time shall be less than one minute.It is a remote portable substance.It is installed and removed and installed easily by holder base.
2.)USES:
It identifies the existence of programmed substance and can locate the target substance to less than a form of cubic metre area.Unlike trace detectors it shall be programmed to detect substance from long distances that is with no physical contact.
3.)MAINTENANCE:
The maintenance shall be as for any basic electrical goods.If any part not in proper working condition shall be provided by the company itself which can be reinshalled by using the basic tools of a mechanic.the skill of maintenance staff be that of the mechanic with his respective skills and operational and maintenance manual shall be supplied which will specify other maintenance requirements.
4.)SAFETY:
In times of fire outbreak the procedure should be standard distinguished from the fire since it is an electronic equipment.It shall be given a water proof coating to avoid any accidents due to electronic equipment coming in contact with water.It should be kept away from any sort of liquid and should be guarded from moisture from time to time.

-ASHMITHA.N-1MS09IS020
-GOWTHAMI.A.T-1MS09IS036
-KAVERI.B.V-1MS09IS039
-KRUTHIKA.M-1MS09IS041
-PRIYANKA CHAVAN-1MS0973IS0
-REVATHI KESARI-1MS09IS077

Product Design Specifications

CONTENTS:
1. Foreword
2. Introduction
3. Scope
4. Definition
5. Performance Requirements
6. Manufacture requirements
7. Acceptance
8. Operations
9. Acknowledgments







FOREWORD:
Present day buildings are not competent enough to fight natural calamities lik earthquakes measuring ritcher scale above 7. these are not self sufficient and durable.Buildings still lack the ultimate level of artificial intelligence. The in house transportation is still not immediate and effective, Buildings are still not using complete area and most of the area is wasted! Buildings are needed to be designed with the above prospects in mind.


INTRODUCTION:

OBJECTIVES:
1. to design a building which can stand against major natural calamities.
2. to design a building which is self sufficient enough to meet its own energy requirements by fully using the waste areas.
3. to incorporate artificial intelligence to the building so that it can make its own decisions.
4.to incorporate better waste disposal methods.
5.to incorporate a good and efficient in house transportation system in the building
6.to have a durable building.
7.to have a building with a good area utilization.


SCOPE:
This high tech new age buildings can be used to develop huge official and commercial areas which can act like mini cities. By the present scenario we can say that rate of natural calamities will increase and hence this building will be resistant to it. It has a great amount of artificial intelligence which is a a very futuristic concept.


DEFINITION:

1.APPEARANCE: It has got a triangular pyramidal structure which is of historical significance, looks attractive and scintillating.

2.PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS:
i. The building should bear with all earthquakes below 9 on ritcher scale.
ii. To design(due to its pyramidal structure) can stand very high speed winds and waves like tsunami.
iii. The design is self sufficient enough to generate for its self.
iv. The design is intelligent enough to make its own decision such as managing the transport system and self checking for maintenance and taking required measures at time of emergency.
v. The floors inside the sphere will be installed with inclination meters and the inclination of the floor will be adjusted automatically.
vi. The transportation b/w the floors will be done by the pop up elevators working on the principle of magnetism.
vii. The transportation b/w the spheres will be done by the help of programmmed trains traveling in the tube.
viii. The triangular spaces b/w the tubes will be installed with windmills to generate electricity to supply power to the building.
ix. The floors can be designed as per the user needs!
x. The design is pyramidal in shape which also has a long historical significance.The structure is soothing to eyes in general
xi. It has a durability span of more than 150 years.

3.MANUFACTURE REQUIREMENTS:
i.Assembly: Then foundation is constructed at the site using iron and steel. Electromagnetic stoppers are incorporated in the foundation itself. Placement of the metal rollers precedes the construction of the superstructure. The construction of the superstructure starts with the building up of transportation tubes of aluminum metal in which the work of laying of railway tracks and electric lines takes place simultaneously. Now the preconstructed spheres in which the humans are going to live and work are attached to the tubes. Rotors of the windmill are attached to the tubes at high altitudes.
ii.Process: The base of the building will be of saucer shape above that the metallic rollers will be placed on which the building stands. The shape of the building will be of tetrahedral shape like that of the diamond. As in the diamond atom where carbon atoms are placed the spheres will be placed which are the buildings where the people will live and work. Each sphere is attached by tubes which are used for transportation. The tubes to which the rotors are attached are in random directions, so irrespective of the wind direction the energy is produced all the time.


ACCEPTANCE:
1. It must not conflict with other existing patents.
2. It must pass all the quality tests and safety tests made by the government.


OPERATION:
1.Safety measures: Bearings are provided at the base of the building. Electromagnetic stoppers are incorporated to prevent to and fro motion during earthquakes. At the time of emergency evacuation routes will be displayed and emergency trams to evacuate people easily and swiftly out of the building. If there is an emergency when people are inside trams, they will be automatically evacuated by the tram to a safer place by changing its destination which is under an emergency.


ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:
1. Discovery channel
2. Internet



Group Members:
1.Anshumali Jain 1MS09IS015
2.Prakyath Sooda 1MS09IS068
3.Rohan S Thingalaya 1MS09IS079
4.Ankit Deshpande 1MS09IS012
5.Rajyavardhan Handa 1MS09IS074
6.Kishan N 1MS09IS040
7.Prasoon Dadich 1MS09IS069
8.Ankush Jain 1MS09IS014

Date: 26 March, 2010.

Time: 2:00 a.m.

PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATION-ALTERNATIVE FUELS

FOREWORD:

Fuels are a basic need of mankind and so, are being used in immense quantities all over the world everyday. But, due to excessive use, a lot of these

fuels are running out and research predicts that none of them will last till the next century. Alternative fuels are being researched everyday but

they have not yet reched the standard of being able to replace conventional fuels in terms of usability and efficiency.

INTRODUCTION:

The objectives are:

To provide a fuel which has a better efficiency than existing fuels while having all their applications.

To reduce pollution caused due to usage of fuels.

SCOPE:

The product will replace conventional fuels in many everyday applications and will do their job without loss in efficiency.

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS:

The fuel must be able to power fuel cells and as a fuel to operate gas turbines at electric power plants.

It should take the place of petroleum based feedstocks for making a range of chemicals and materials, including plastics.

It should release less exhaust than conventional fuels.

It should offer an increased thermal efficiency and power output.

it should be free flowing and continuous.

It should be able to be used in all conditions in which human beings can survive unaided.

It should be able to be used continuously without any intermediate periods of inactivity.

Required maintenance should be as low as possible.

It should provide same output over a range of operating conditions and should not be erratic.

It should have a low freezing point and preferably a hight heat of vapourisation.

The interaction between the end users and the product should be kept to a minimum.

The quality should meet all market requirements.

The end product quality should be in accordance with the best commercial products.

The quality of the fuel should not deteriorate on storage for extended periods of time.

MANUFACTURING REQUIREMENTS:

Exploration should be conducted to find a stable source of the fuel.

A cost effective way to reach the fuel should be devised.

A cost effective way to recover the fuel should be devised.

Undesirable impurities should be separated from the recovered fuel.

Additives should be added to increase the quality and efficiency of the fuel.

The quantity is supplied as per the market requirements.

The fuel should be delivered from the distribution network, generally from the pump nozzle of the filling station.

The fuel is delivered based upon the requirements of the distribution network which in turn depends on the end customer usage.

ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS:

The components are first tested before the distribution. They are expected to meet the international standards.

Testing is done at close to ideal conditions and performance is determined.

The European fuel standard EN 590:2009 embodies the latest fuel quality requirements. Fuel injection equipment manufacturers' products might not meet the expected lifetime performance and emissions targets if EN 590:2009 fuel or fuel with similar properties to the EN 590:2009 specification is not used. The responsibility therefore must fall to the equipment user and/or the fuel supplier to ensure that the fuels used

are compatible with the fuel system and objectives of the emissions legislation.

DISPOSAL:

Disposal of the fuel is an important part for the completion of the fuel cycle without altering the environment around us.

The international standards for the safe disposal of the fuels are followed.

The country and state regulations as set up by the respective governments are followed.

Whenever there is a chance of recycling, the waste is recycled.

In case if the fuel is not used and there is a need for disposal, then it should be stored in containers like drums and then disposed off in landfills and it should be seen that the fuel does not contain any high level hazardous particles.

If output of the fuel after the operation cycle is in the form of gases then care is taken such that the output does not contain poisonous gases and it doesn't clog the atmosphere.

If the output is in liquid form then it is seen that it is conveniently stored for later disposal in leak proof containers.

The company policy is to make eco-friendly fuel which has very less negative effect on the environment.

OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

The fuel is installed by fuel dropper inside the fuel tank if the fuel is a liquid.

If some associaited machinery is used along with the fuel then it isinstalled in the prescribed way without causing truuble to the other parts.

The fuel is to be handled and used by trained professionals and who are protected from any possible hazards.

Proper maintainance should be provided whenever required.

The fuel maybe poisonous and it does not have to be swallowed to be dangerous since the liquid can be absorbed through the skin, and the vapors through the lungs.

Since the vapors of the fuel are heavier than air, it will linger close to the ground or in a pit unless there is good ventilation.

If the concentration of the active substance in the fuel is above the permissible limit in air it can be lit by a spark, and will explode above a particular temperature.

by
Adarsh Kashyap
Aditya Yajaman
Bharath Bhandarkar

Deepashree V. Prasad
Naveen S.
Rakesh Sharma D.

Shivaani Bharadwaj

PDS for OBJECT COPIER

PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATION

FOR OBJECT COPIER (OC)

25 MARCH ,2010

GROUP MEMBERS: Aparna CR , Likitha , Meghana , Nancy, Pankhuree ,Prerana ,Priyanka B.K. ,Shilpa

Contents:

1. Introduction forward and scope

2. Performance requirements

3. Manufacture requirements

4. Acceptance standards

5. Disposal

6. Operational requirements

7. References

1. Introduction forward and scope

An OBJECT COPIER is used to create objects of same kind in large number. If each object is to be manufactured separately lot of time is required, manufacturing time can be saved by using this machine. Through his machine , firstly 3 D image of the object is created, the information gathered is fed into computer, using the designed programmes copy of the object is made using laser technology and in the presence of electric and magnetic fields. The machine is the future for the production of large objects which are of same kind like bags, stationary items, tube lights, various kinds of metallic objects ect.. The examples given is just for the basic understanding about the various kinds of objects that can be replicated. Lots of other objects which fall under the prescribed size can me manufactured.

1.Performance requirements

Functions: There are multiple functions which can be identified in the OC like,

primary-to copy the object given.

Secondary-3D laser image formation.

Appearance: It consists of

1.assimilation pod :which mainly consists of object stand laser array ,hull cap, hull floor.

2. Assembly line which is used in industrial process.

Reliability :The machine is operated without any external assistance.

Environmental conditions: The object copier is to be maintained at standard conditions of temperature and pressure. Avoid extreme dust, direct sunlight and strong light sources.

Quality: All the parts used to construct this machine is of high quality and free from defects.

Materials used should not melt in case at high temperatures.

Weight :The machine is installed at a given place,it may weight around 500 kilos.

Noise: No external noise is caused, as the machine runs smoothly.

2.Manufacture requirements

Processes: The machine will be assembled on the 5 stage assembly line .

Installation can be done within 24 hours.

The materials used is known for being power free, resistant to age deterioration, and free from jamming in high-speed copying of

Objects, or during 3D image scanning.

Assembly: It is an automatic machine, once an object is given to copy the machine analysis it takes a 3D image and the programme installed helps to creates it replica. Objects upto size upto 1 to 5m can be replicated.

Packing: All the parts used during installation are carefully packed in non breakable boxes, care should be taken to avoid jamming and toppling is prevented

Since the machine is installed, it is difficult to disassemble the parts.

Delivery date: It takes about a month to deliver the machine from the date of manufacture.

3.Acceptance standards

All of the object copier manufacturing should employ an ISO 14001-conforming environmental management system. It encourages innovative engineering solutions, creative partnerships and employee involvement.

Every mechanism is inspected before installing the machine. The object copier designed does not clash with any of the existing patents. The products should follow al the national, international or company standards.

4. Disposal

The mechanism must not contain any hazardous materials and all polymeric materials used must be clearly identified. The disposal of the left over materials should be according to the government policy.The components used must be reusable and must not cause pollution during disposal.

5.Operation requirements

Use: The object copier requires less human effort and can run throughout the day, the quality of the product is maintained. It saves time. It is eco-friendly and no waste products are released. In case any waste is produced it is recycled for the next product. It is a user-friendly automatic machine. The main power sources are electrical and magnetic fields. The machine has a high resolution power which is achieved by using good quality lasers. .

Safety: If excess of heat is produced by any chance the machine will automatically stop working.

Maintenance: The raw materials should be reloaded before the replica of the object is done. The system should be supplied with 1000 volts dc power supply. A stabilizer is provided to stabilize the power supply. The OC needs less maintenance. An operational manual is provided to help the users.

7.REFERENCES

We have gathered information through internet, books (Engineering design principles by KEN HURST),by asking senior students (M.Sc) from MSRIT, and by having group discussions.

Note: Based on the further research and study made on the project certain corrections regarding the proper functioning of the machine is made.. in the PDS.

PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATION

CONTENTS

1. Foreword
2. Introduction
3. Scope of the Project
4. Body of the PDS
4.1. Performance Requirements
4.2. Manufacturing Requirements
4.2.1. Material Requirements
4.2.2. Engine Requirements
4.2.3. Assembly
4.3 Accepted Standards
4.4 Disposal
4.5 Operational Requirements
4.2.4. Installation
4.2.5. Use
4.2.6. Maintenance
4.2.7. Safety
5. Appendix
6. References


1. Foreword

Evidently in the past few years, an appreciable number of mass transportation modes are being used in practice. Investigation on the problems faced by the people and the performance of these modes, reveal that an efficient and economic means of mass transport is yet to be designed. The drawback shows a direct impact on all standards of people in the society and our existing surrounding, which intends to convey that, our environment is polluted and the dependent people are expected to get satisfactory results.

2. Introduction

This project has been taken up in order to fulfill certain requirements of the people in an eco-friendly and an efficient way.

The objectives of this project are:

i. To design a environment friendly mass transportation.
ii. To design the mode which would be faster in exhibition of it’s purpose and provide satisfactory results to most of its users.
iii. To make sure that the range of accessibility of the mode is affordable by all standards of people.
iv. To facilitate, the existence (lifespan) of the product is well above average.


3. Scope of the Project

i. The final product can be used as a means of convenient public transport in many countries across the world.
ii. The concept of using hydrogen generated from other sources other than fossil fuels will fetch more importance.


4. Body of the PDS

4.1. PERFORMACE REQUIREMENTS

i. The vehicle must provide comfortable seating arrangements for at least 100 people.

ii. The fuel which is used should be efficient in comparison with the fuel used in the existing vehicles.

iii. The efficiency of the fuel should be about 60%.

iv. If the vehicle loses its path and meets with an accident there are emergency breaks provided in every compartment and emergency exits. Efficient compartment separators are required when there is mishap in next compartment.

v. Even under high temperature conditions, the vehicle should have proper air conditioners. Instant heating and cooling must be possible and the bus temperature must be maintained constant at comfortable temperatures during varying seasons.

vi. The weight is sufficient to hold the vehicle intact on road.

vii. The product should use efficient fuel.

viii. The appearance of the vehicle must be sharp and appealing to the mass.

ix. The colors used should be able to prevent corrosion and make the vehicle look attractive at the same time.

x. There should be a ticket counter at the entry itself. Passes must have an electronic equipment to confirm their validity and originality.

xi. The vehicle, under proper maintenance, should be intact for about 15-20 years.

xii. The vehicle must have emergency first aid kits easily available to the passengers in any case of small accidents inside the vehicle like a person falling down and so on.

xiii. The optimum working temperature would be 25 degree Celsius. But, it should be able to withstand a temperature of anything between 10 and 45 degree Celsius without facing any problems.

xiv. The seats should be very comfortable. The materials from which they are made must be soft yet durable. They should have low maintenance costs.

xv. The height of the vehicle is around 7-7.5 ft, using of standing steel rods within the vehicle, display boards which shows details about next stop or any advertisements. The announcements will be made in both regional and standard languages.

xvi. The vehicle must always be on time . A list of the vehicle's arrivals and departures and their respective timings should be displayed at every stop making it convenient for the passengers to travel. Delays in any case should be updated at these stops.

xvii. The quality of raw materials used for building the vehicle must be good, and they must be strong, eco-friendly, and bio-degradable.

xviii. The noise generated by the vehicle while driving should be as low as 60-65 db. This is a very comfortable loudness level and will considerably reduce the amount of sound pollution due to traffic when achieved.

4.2. MANUFACTURING REQUIREMENTS

Working:

Fuel: Hydrogen fuel

Intake: Hydrogen combines with oxygen from air in the engine ( hydrogen gas filling station for obtaining fuel)

Emission gases: water. Thus being eco-friendly .

This is because hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.

2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O

4.2.1. Material Requirements

Aluminum sheet metal: Aluminum is a soft and ductile metal. The strength, light weight, coupled with its corrosion resisting properties renders aluminum suitable for fabrication of automobiles.
Thickness: 3 mm.
Paint: Berger paint (stoving method).
Epoxy Coating: To absorb heat radiations and provide cool temperature. (Thickness: 0.5 - 1 mm)
Head light: High beam and low beam.
Indicators: Right and left indicators.
Tyres: Radial tyre with shock absorbers. Beloth rubber is covered on the shock absorber as the outer covering.
Windows: Glass and steel rods are used.
Glass: Toughened glass of thickness 3 - 4 mm.
Steel rods: Coated with white paint to avoid corrosion. (Thickness: 15 mm)
Windshield: It is made of glass and rubber to make it tougher.
Doors: Automatic doors are used. Totally 4 doors are used, two doors for entry and exit and the other door for driver.
Emergency exit provision is also provided at the back side of the vehicle.
Rear view mirror: Concave mirrors are used for higher viewing range.
Gears: The gears used are made out of steel because of their strength.
Horn: Loud and clear sound.
Wiper: A wiper generally consists of an arm which is strong and rubber used has maximum plasticity.
Seats: Coir or thermoses balls can be used, which are eco friendly.
Rods: Vertical and horizontal rods are fixed inside the vehicle to hold. These rods are made of steel and coated with paint (Color: green) or powder coating (long lasting).
Power steering: PVC coated steel is used in the manufacture of steering. Power steering is used in order to make the movement of the steering easier.
Ventilators: These are located on the roof of the vehicle and it can be opened and closed whenever needed.
First aid box in both compartments.
Floor carpeting, drinking water, magazines can be provided to make the passengers comfortable. LCD display
Brake pad, brake lining and brake caliper are used.

4.2.2. Engine Requirements

Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engine:

Exhaust valve, valve seal, valve guide, shim, roller guide, lube oil, roller tappet, keeper, spring, spring, spring seat, intake main fold, valve seat, Cylinder, Hardened valves, strong connecting rods, spark plug, ignition coil, fuel injectors designed for a gas instead of a liquid, larger Crankshaft, piston made out of string material so that the impulse of expanding gas is converted into mechanical energy.

Piston rings made to maintain the pressure, flywheel designed for storing maximum energy storing device. Stronger head gasket material, positive pressure supercharger and high temperature engine oil.

4.2.3. Assembly

The batteries of the engine should be prepared first. Other parts of the engine should be manufactured and assembly of the engine should take place. This should not take more than 10 days including the manufacturing of all the batteries and other parts.

Next the parts related to driving should be assembled. This should take less time, not more than 7 days as it just requires the assembling of the already sourced parts.

Next the whole body of the vehicle should be constructed. The vehicle will have two compartments. Devices used to join the compartments should also be very strong and preferably made of iron. This will take about 7 days.

The proper positioning and constructing of windows will be the next process which will take about 3 days.

The next step would be setting of seats firmly on the floor of the vehicle. The vehicle will have two columns of seats; each row will have two seats in it. Each seat will have two arm rests. Each compartment will have 2 columns. Each column will have 13 rows. This will take around 7 days.

Now, installing of steel rods vertically from roof to the floor and horizontally from the front end to the back end of the vehicle to lend support to the people who are standing is the next step. Later comes the painting of the outer body and placing all sign boards.
Finishing process:
This needs to test on a testing road. After the test, the machine should be certified. If any malfunction, the vehicle should be sent back manufacturing industry.
Delivery date:
It can be fixed around 2 and half months away from the date of manufacturing.
Packing and shipment:
SUV cab covers are used with tough ending if required. These covers block harsh UV rays and bad weather. For the transportation of the vehicle heavy machines are used or they are driven to the destined places by skillful driver.

4.3 ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS

i. All the machine parts are inspected separately prior to assembly. All the products should meet their acceptance standards respectively.
ii. The products should follow alll the national, international or company standards.
iii. Noise level is below standard i.e. 90db. The material which comes in contact with human isn’t harmful. Ph of the material is around 6-7.5.
iv. The emission of combustion gases shouldn't cross the minimum pollution level. The gases shouldn't be hazardous.
v. The emission of 'smog', nitrous oxides, hydrocarbons, soot etc gases released are in limits such that it doesn't harm health of mass and pollute the environment.

4.4. DISPOSAL

i. The product after its life span should be reusable. Practically there can be no end for the product.
ii. In advertising the product companies various disposal methods are highlighted.
iii. Company’s legal policies are followed so that the solid waste is treated properly and then released to environment.
iv. The material such as steel, iron, cast iron etc are melted and reused for making the parts again.
v. The direction for the proper disposal of the parts, which cannot be recycled, should be clearly mentioned.
vi. HC(Hydrocarbons), CO2 and CO is reduced with increase in hydrogen combustion. But Nitrogen oxides emission will gradually be increased using a catalyst convertor even these oxides can also be decreased extremely low, finally zero emission standards is reached.

4.5 OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

Installation:

Instructions for installation of the various parts like
i. The parts of internal combustion engine.
ii. The parts related to the driving of the vehicle.
iii. The body of the vehicle (including compartments, seats, and so on).
iv. The wheels of the vehicle.
v. The windows, ventilators and other body related parts will be provided during the assembly itself.

Use:

i. The vehicle's cost might range from 4-5 lakhs.
ii. Coming to the use of the vehicle, the drivers will attend a learning course as usual to learn driving. This implies that instructions regarding the driving of the vehicle are not necessary.
iii. The instructions to use the first aid boxes and compartment separator in each of the compartments will be specified.

Maintenance:

i. The routine maintenance will include regular cleaning of the vehicle with soap water to maintain hygiene.
ii. Once in a month servicing of the vehicle will include oiling of the part that experience friction, cleaning of the internal parts of the vehicle like the engine parts, parts related to driving and so on. This will require a proficiency in the mechanical aspects of the engine as it requires dismantling of the various parts.
iii. Apart from the above instructions, an operational and user manual will also be supplied by the manufacturing company.

Safety:

i. In case any compartment catches fire, the instructions to use the available fire extinguisher along with the first aid kit will be specified on it.
ii. The separators will provide complete safety when required in case of an accident in a compartment or the whole vehicle.

5. APPENDIX

A short note about the concept of using hydrogen as fuel has been provided in this section.

A hydrogen internal combustion engine (HICE) vehicle is an alternative fuel vehicle which uses hydrogen as its main fuel. Hydrogen is basically an energy carrier and not an energy source in the form of a gas. In vehicles that consume fossil fuels, a lot of exhaust gases are released at the time of propulsion and gradually even during the running of the vehicle, which pollute the environment. But in HICE, Carbon-di-oxide and other gases are not released at the time of propulsion and even during the running of the vehicle.

The engine used in the product is a conventionally driven HICE.


6. REFERENCES:

Internet.
Books.
Suggestions from professors at Indian Institute of Science and MSRIT [Chemistry Department].
Referred the PDS format from the book Engineering Design Principles by Ken Hurst.

DONE BY:

Archana K 1MS09IS016

Padmashree Bhat 1MS09IS062

Reshma R 1MS09IS076

Sandhya V 1MS09IS082

Sangeetha K J 1MS09IS083

N Shashwathi 1MS09IS057

Sheetal Monica 1MS09IS087

INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEMS

ISSUE:-1
PRODUCTS DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR INTEGRATED SECURITY SYSTEMS
Date: 24/03/2010 Reference No. PDS007

CONTENTS
· FORWARD
· INTRODUCTION
· PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
· MANUFACTURE REQUIREMENTS
· ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS
· OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS
· DISPOSAL

FORWARD: Basically in present bank security systems consist of alarm signals, CCTV’s, access cards limited and their efficiency can be enhanced by using modern technical equipment such as laser sensors system. Centralized locking systems, signal trappers, automatic signal generators, touch sensitive systems such as retina scanners, finger print scanners etc., whose reliability is far more superior to the present existing technology.

INTRODUCTION :-
· To design an integrated security system for a bank.
· To design a system “AUTO LOCK”, a centralized security system for safe functioning of a bank.

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT: - The product design should comprise of integrated sub systems such as
1. Sensor:- Laser sensors which detects any unauthorized movement in the bank premises.
2. Electronic System: - which processes the signals & accurate.
3. A Centralized locking systems
4. Signal trappers:- which tracks /cut the signal communication within the bank premises and also from outside.
5. Automatic sensors signal generators:- which sends alarm signals to the nearest security post.
6. CCTV’s :- which constantly monitors the inside & outside movement of the bank. The integrated products is designed to operate at night. The product must be designed to consist of an automatic water sprinklers system which gets accurate as soon as it senses the heat which is caused by fire or short circuits. The quality of the products must be consistent. The life time is 25 years of operation. The appearance of the product has to be rugged and be rigid as it is a classified system. The reliability of the system is 99% after testing. All the controls of the sub-system is centralized as to improve the working efficiency for easy handling of the system.

MANUFACTURE REQUIREMENT :- The product is designed such that the sub-systems assembled in a 7 stage process and is designed to have a single centralized controls unit. Any materials which satisfy the accepted standards can be used for manufacture as per the specification. The sub-system are assembled at the time of installation. The sub-system are sealed in thermocole sheets and is wrapped in card-board base of the specified size. The product is to be delivered after 10 days from the booking date.

ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS :- Every mechanism will be inspected prior to assembly in the system. Verification of reliability levels are carried out under operational conditions. All sub-systems are tested under ideal conditions as per company regulations. Any technical problems must be brought to the notice of the manufacture company and must be resolved by company peoples.

DISPOSAL:- All the raw materials used for manufacture of the products should be made of alternate fiber materials which are free from plastic and eco-friendly. As per company regulations, the material of the product design must be recyclable and should not contain any harmful material.

OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENT:- Sensors should detect unauthorized movement in back premises. Centralized locking system must be accurate in less than 2 seconds Alarm signals should be sent to the nearest security post within 0.2 sec. The device must be maintenances free for the life of the machine secure locking must be provided after installation. Sub-system must be designed in such a way that it must not be easy to operate by a common person.

Team:-
1. SHIVARAJ AVATE
2. AVINASH.S
3. RAGHUNANDAN.N.R
4. MOHAMMED HANEEF
5. CHETAN G.S.S
6. ROHAN RANJAN
7. MAHESH

PRODUCT DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR CO₂ EXTORAGE

PDS NO:_ _ _ _ _ _ _

ISSUE:_ _ _ _

CONTENTS :

Ø FOREWARD

Ø INTRODUCTIONS

Ø SCOPE

Ø PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

Ø MANUFACTURING REQUIREMENTS

Ø ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS

Ø DISPOSAL

Ø OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS

Ø DESIGN SQUAD

FOREWARD:

CO₂ is basically considered the most hazardous component to the very extinction of the earth. It is the main cause for GLOBAL WARMING, if this continues then there will be 2 Venus’ in the solar system. The basic objective here is to use CO₂ or extract and store it , so that it can be used as an alternative fuel . And since CO₂ is very dangerous to earth and the percentage of levels of CO₂ is rising, the need for balancing CO2 level in the atmosphere is much required.

INTRODUCTION:

The objectives are:

• To extract CO₂ from the atmosphere, without affecting the environment.
• To design a mechanism of extracting CO₂, effectively than other processes.
• To reduce green house effect.
• In turn global warming.
• Stepping stone or a basic unit for eco-friendly designs.

SCOPE:

Many research and developments are going on in this field to reduce CO₂ level in the atmosphere, and also to convert it into other useful forms of energy. So this device can be incorporated in those systems.

DEFINITIONS:

PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS:

This mechanism provides one of the better ways to extract CO₂ from the atmospheric air without affecting the ecosystem.

This is basically a static device. which works in the temperature range of 10 deg to 50 deg Celsius. And it is independent of humidity. This device can be built of many sizes depending upon the percentage of CO₂ required for different applications. The active material or the working substance used is AMINE along with water. Amine reacts with water to form (Amine-H₂O).

Amine + Water à (Amine-H₂O)

When air is blown through this solution, all other components of except CO₂ bubbles out and only CO₂ reacts to give (Amine –H₂CO₃ ) .

CO₂ + (Amine-H₂O) à (Amine-H₂CO₃)

The Amine that is used in this device costs around Rs 550/- for 250g. Though the cost is quite high compared to other alternate materials which are used to capture CO₂ like NaOH. But the main advantage of using Amine is that it can be reused or recycled for more than 5000 times.

(Amine-H₂CO₃) formed when heated to a temperature of 70 deg Celsius it gives Amine, water and carbon-di-oxide.

(Amine-H₂CO₃) à_heat Amine + H₂O +CO₂ ↑

This is how carbon-di-oxide can be extracted from the atmospheric air.

MANUFACTURE REQUIREMENTS:

This device will have 3 compartments, an air blower, a pump along with amine, water and atmospheric air. The first compartment will have 3 inlet valves, air blower is connected to one, one is at the top, to let in Amine and water and the third one is to refill the compartment with Amine and water, which is recycled. And 2 outlet valves, one for the components of air other than CO₂ to escape into the atmosphere and another one to send the (Amine-H₂CO₃) to the second compartment. In this air blower and side outlet valve is gang tuned such that as long as blower is on, valve should be closed and when blower stops then, after few seconds ( say 5s) the valve should open.

Second compartment comprises of an electric heater , temperature measuring device, 2 outlet valve ,one at the top to separate CO₂ from the solution and another one at the side, to pump back the Amine-water solution to the first compartment and 1 inlet valve to allow (Amine-H₂CO₃) into the second compartment . The electric heater, temperature measuring device, inlet and side outlet valve is gang tuned in such a way that at first inlet valve is open and it allows (Amine-H₂CO₃) to the compartment and outlet valve remain closed,as heater starts heating the solution inlet valve also closes

And when the temperature reaches 70deg CO₂ is liberated and it gets separated. As temperature reaches 72deg outlet valve opens , to which a pump is attached which pumps amine+water back into the first compartment. It reaches there by flowing in a pipe which is very good conductor of heat and it will be surrounded by a water jacket, which cools down the temperature of the working fluid to room temperature. Then cycle repeat.

Carbon-di-oxide which comes out of outlet valve is collected in the third compartment , which has an inlet and outlet valve. This outlet valve is connected to other system which uses CO₂ for various purposes.

ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS:

Every mechanism and product will be inspected prior to its assembly .The instrument or the product is designed in such a way that it accepts all the international standards and norms .There is no emission of harmful gases to the atmosphere and the product’s main motto is to maintain or to strike a balance between human beings and the environment .The mechanism and the product does not conflict with any of the existing patents.

DISPOSAL:

Since the working material that we are using is AMINE which can be recycled for more than 5000 times and other materials used are water and air which are the integral part of nature hence this process isn’t hazardous to environment. It is 100% eco friendly. After 2-3 years, if amine has to be changed, then you can remove the connection between the pump and the 2^nd compartment thus by doing this we can remove amine and water.

OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS:

During installation all the valves of both inlet and outlet valves of all 3 compartments

are connected properly. Heater, blower and pump are connected to ac power supply.

Using of this device is simple, switch on the power supply and turn on the blower, and switch it off after a minute then the process starts and carbon di oxide is extracted from the air.

Even if more amount of air is sent through the blower, then there is no harm as depending upon the amount of active substance, CO₂ reacts with amine-H₂O excess will be sent out along with other components of air.

Conserving the environment is the main objective of the product and hence it strives to provide an alternate and an ultimate answer for global warming concerns.

DESIGN SQUAD

Ø AKASH NIDHI P.S 1MSO9IS008

Ø ARUN V.S 1MSO9IS019

Ø BHARATH KUMAR P 1MSO9IS025

Ø MANISH KUMARA 1MSO9IS047

Ø MOHAMMED SHUAIB UR REHMAN 1MSO9IS055

Ø SANJAY V 1MSO9IS084